Challenges with Big Data in Oncology

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It is largely accepted between scientist and physicians that improvement in cancer treatment depends on a better knowledge about cancer biology. The development of so-called “omics” approaches, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, epigenomics, just to name few, are improving our understanding about tumors biology, and at the same time, are generating a huge volume of data in cancer. The generation of big data in cancer comes mainly from the highthroughput technologies used to study the “omics” sciences.

The genomics concern genome sequence, structures, mutations, repeat contents and evolution. The next-generation sequencing (NGS), or high-throughput sequencing, is a recent technology that allows DNA and RNA sequencing much faster and cheaply than the previously used method. The NGS FASTQ files are very big. A project containing about 10 - 20 whole genome sequencing (WGS) samples can generate approximately 4TB of raw data. It is the “data deluge” problem. The transcriptomic analyses the totality of RNA transcripts produced by a genome. Since transcription is regulated, the transcriptome can be modulated under specific circumstances, allowing the study of genes differentially expressed in different populations of cells, or under different treatments. These kinds of studies have been largely applied in the field of oncology.

Transcriptomic analyses are made by high-throughput methods, like real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR), microarrays and RNA-Seq (NGS sequencing). Proteomics is the study of a specific proteome, including information on protein structure and function, protein expression profiling, their variations and modifications, aiming to understand cellular processes. Proteomics studies have been particularly applied on cancer studies to identify specific biomarkers linked to diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic prediction. The high-throughput proteomics analysis is based on mass spectrometry (MS). The epigenomics studies the epigenetics modifications of the genetic contents of a cell, known as epigenome. Tumorigenesis is part of the cellular processes regulated by epigenetic modifications. NGS has allowed the development in genome characterization, including the identification of epigenetic modifications. Along with clinical databases, containing the diagnosis, treatments and patient outcomes and clinical trials information, they constitute the big data collections of cancer patients.

The Journal of Orthopedic Oncology offers information in all aspects of primary, malignant tumors. Osteosarcoma, Ewing's sarcoma, chondrosarcoma, chordoma, and soft tissue sarcomas etc., it also deals with diagnostic methods, therapeutic approaches, clinical, laboratory research and reconstructive techniques.

The Journal includes a wide range of fields in its discipline to create a platform for the authors to make their contribution towards the journal and the editorial office promises a peer review process for the submitted manuscripts for the quality of publishing.

The Journal uses Editorial Tracking System for quality in review process. Editorial Manager is an online manuscript submission, review and tracking systems. Review processing is performed by the editorial board members of Orthopedics & Oncology or outside experts; at least two independent reviewer’s approval followed by editor approval is required for acceptance of any citable manuscript. Authors may submit manuscripts and track their progress through the system.

The Journal Considers Research article, Review articles, editorial, letter, case reports, short communications, original articles from leading scientists and scholars around the world in all areas of related to Malignantosteoid, Multilobular tumour of bone, Chondrosarcoma, Chordoma, Osteosarcoma, Ewing's sarcomaetc., which come under the scope of the journal.

You may submit your manuscript as an e-mail attachment to the Editorial Office at  orthooncol@scholarlymed.com, orthooncol@orthopaedicsjournals.com

Best Regards,

Stella

Editorial Team

Journal of Orthopedic Oncology

WhatsApp: +44-1470-490003